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Perianal Abscess

Perianal Abscess

A perianal abscess is a localized collection of pus that forms near the anus due to infection. It typically occurs when a small gland located just inside the anus becomes blocked and infected. Perianal abscesses are a type of anorectal abscess and are relatively common.

Symptoms of Perianal Abscess

  • 1. Swelling around the anus, which may feel like a lump or mass.
  • 2. If the infection is severe, you may experience systemic symptoms such as fever and chills.
  • 3. Passing stool may be painful, and there may be discomfort or difficulty with bowel movements.
  • 4. Some individuals may experience itching around the affected area.
  • 5. The affected area may appear red and feel warm to the touch due to inflammation.

Patients at risk

  • The diagnosis of a perianal abscess typically involves a medical history, physical examination, and sometimes imaging tests. Here's what the diagnostic process may include:
  • 1. The healthcare provider will ask about your symptoms, including pain, swelling, and any discharge.
  • 2. The doctor will perform a physical examination of the anal and rectal area.
  • 3. Blood tests may be done to check for signs of infection, such as elevated white blood cell counts or inflammatory markers.

Cause of Perianal Abscess

  • 1. The most common cause of a perianal abscess is an infection of the small anal glands. These glands secrete mucus and can become blocked, leading to the formation of an abscess..
  • 2. Injury to the anal area, such as a tear or surgery, can create an entry point for infection, potentially leading to an abscess.
  • 3. Inadequate cleaning of the anal area can increase the risk of infections that may lead to abscess formation.

Your healthcare provider may recommend the following after surgery:

  • 1. Sitting in a warm sitz bath several times a day. A sitz bath is when you submerge your anus and genital region in a tub of warm water. It helps soothe pain and swelling and promotes healing.
  • 2. Prescription to stop the infection or for people with a weakened immune system.
  • 3. Laxatives or stool softeners to prevent painful bowel movements.
  • 4. Over-the-counter pain medication or, in some cases, prescription pain medicine.